Deus Artefacta: 28. The Archaeology of Biblical People

Book 28 Biblical Archaeology Series 4

28. The Archaeology of Biblical People: 101 Discoveries that Support the Reliability of the Bible. Biblical Archaeology Series no. 4. ECM Now available through Amazon 2021.

ISBN: 979-8591394004 Full color Paperback copy Amazon

ISBN: 979-8708914736 Full color Hardback copy Amazon

For the all the books in Biblical Archaeology Series See LINK

Video Introduction

Over 101 people mentioned in the Bible (OT & NT) are treated in the book that have been confirmed by extra-biblical archaeological evidence from ancient writers, pottery, stelae, inscriptions, bullae (and seals), coins, and other artifacts. It is one of the few books available treating the People of the Bible in this manner.

Sample of page from inside book

The top image on the front cover background is one of the panels of the black obelisk held in the British Museum that is one of the few depictions of an Israelite king. It is of King Jehu, offering tribute to the Assyrian king Shalmaneser III and named on the obelisk.

The marble bust of Emperor Tiberias (Luke 3:1) from the Ephesus Archaeological Museum, Selçuk, Turkey is evident in the left hand corner, and is depicted and named on many coins (Matt 22:15–22; Mark 12:13–17; Luke 20:20–26).

The bottom coin is of emperor Nero (Acts 25-26; 28:19; Rev 13; 17) and is impressed with his name.

The top of the spine has the image of the reproduction of the bronze Shema Seal discovered at Megiddo in 1904 depicting the roaring lion as the symbol of Judah and the name of Jeroboam (1 Kgs 12–14). The inscriptions read “(Belonging) to Shema [top line] (the) Servant (of) Jeroboam [bottom line].”

The book will include over 210 photos, charts and maps. I provide photographs of the discovery, translation of the source and a detailed bibliography for each name.

The people covered by extra-biblical archaeological sources are:

Introduction to Archaeology Sources

Tablets
Stelae
Ostraca
Seals and Bullae
Ossuaries
Numismatics (Coins)
Contemporary Writers

Names

1. Israel
2. Judah

Pharaohs of Egypt

3. Shishak (= Sheshonq I, r. 945–924 BC)

4. So (= Osorkon IV r. 730–715 BC)

5. Tirhakah (= Taharqa or Taracus; r. 690–664 BC)

6. Necho Ii (= Neco II r. 610–595 BC)

7. Hophra (= Apries = Wahibre r. 589–570 BC)

Moab

8. Mesha

Aram-Damascus

9. Hadadezer Of Damascus

10. Ben-Hadad II (r. 860–843 BC)

11. Hazael (r. 844/842–Ca. 800 BC)

12. Ben-Hadad III

13. Rezin (r. Mid-8th Cent. – 732 BC)

United Monarchy

14. David (Ca. 1200–900 BC)

15. Esh-Baal

16. Nimshi, Father Of Jehu?

Northern Kingdom – Israel

17. Omri (r. 886/885–875/874 BC)

18. Ahab (r. 875/874–853 BC)

19. Jehoram II (r. 849/848–842 BC)

20. Jehu (r. 841–814/813 BC)

21. Joash II (r. 806/805–791/790 BC)

22. Jeroboam II (r. 791/790–750/749 BC)

23. Menahem (r. 749/748–739/738 BC)

24. Pekah (r. 751/750–732/731 BC)

25. Hoshea (r. 732/731–722 BC)

Officials in the Northern Kingdom

26. Isaiah The Prophet?

27. Sanballat (Mid To Late 5th Cent. BC)

Southern Kingdom – Judah

28. Uzziah (Azariah r. 788/787–736/735 BC)

29. Ahaz (r. 731/730–715 BC)

30. Hezekiah (r. 715–687/686 BC)

31. Manasseh (r. 697/696–642 BC)

32. Jehoiachin (r. 598–597 BC)

Officials in the Southern Kingdom

33. Hilkiah
34. Azariah, Son of Hilkiah
35. Shaphan, Father of Gemariah and Ahiqam
36. Gemariah, Son of Shapan
37. Shelemiah, Father of Jehucal
38. Jehucal (= Jucal) Son of Shelemiah
39. Pashhur
40. Gedaliah, Son of Pashhur (Ga’alyahu, Son of Immer) 585 BC
41. Nathan-Melech, Official of King Josiah
42. Ikar, Son of Mattaniah (=Zedekiah), King of Judah
43. Shebna, The Royal Steward of King Hezekiah
44. Hananiah, Son of Azzur
45. Jaazaniah, Son of Hoshaiah?

Philistine

46. Achish, King of Gath (705–701 BC)?

Ammon

47. Balaam, Son of Beor?

48. Baalis?

Assyria

49. Tiglath-Pileser Iii (r. 745–727 BC)

50. Shalmaneser V (r. 727–722 BC)

51. Sargon II (r. 722–705 BC)

52. Sennacherib (r. 705–781 BC)

53. Adrammelech

54. Esarhaddon (r. 681–669 BC)

Babylonia

55. Merodach-Baladan II (R. 722–710, 703 BC)

56. Nebuchadnezzar II (R. 605–562 BC)

57. Nebo-Sarsekim

58. Nergal-Sharezer

59. Nebuzaradan

60. Evil-Merodach (r. 562–560 BC)

61. Belshazzar (r. 556–539 BC)

Persia

62. Cyrus II (r. 539–530 BC)

63. Darius I (r. 522–486 BC)

64. Tattenai

65. Xerxes I (r. 486–465 BC)

66. Artaxerxes I Longimanus (r. 465–424 BC)

67. Darius II Nothus (r. 424–405 BC)

Possible OT Forgeries

Jehoash Inscription
3 Shekel Ostraca
Baruch bulla

New Testament

1. Jesus of Nazareth

2. James, Son of Joseph, Brother of Jesus

Jewish Officials

3. Caiaphas

Roman Emperors

4. Augustus
5. Tiberius
6. Claudius
7. Nero

Herodian Political Figures

8. Herod The Great
9. Herod Archelaus
10. Herod Antipas
11. Herod Philip
12. Herodias
13. Salome
14. Philip The Tetrarch
15. Herod Agrippa I
17. Herod Agrippa Ii
18. Berenice/Bernice
19. Drusilla

Roman Officials

20. Governor Pontius Pilate (AD 26–36)

21. Governor Porcius Felix (AD 60–62)

22. Quirinius, Roman Legate (r. AD 6–9)

23. Porcius Festus, Procurator of Judea (AD 59–62)

24. Lucius Junius Gallio

25. Sergius Paulus

26. Erastus

27. King Aretas IV

28. The Unnamed Egyptian Leader

29. Judas of Galilee

30. Lysanias, Tetrarch of Abilene

31. Tyrannus of Ephesus

Job Titles for People

32. Silversmiths in Ephesus

33. Asiarch in Ephesus

34. Purple-Dyer in Thyatira

35. Ruler of the Synagogue in Jerusalem and Corinth

* NOTE: I also deal with possible forgeries such as the Jehoash Inscription, 3 Shekel Ostraca, Baruch bulla and the James Ossuary.

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Full colour paperback (ISBN 979-8591394004) at Amazon

Full colour hardcover (ISBN: 979-8708914736) at Amazon